Timeline of the American Presidency . . . PoetPatriot.com

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TimeLine of the American Presidency
Last updated March, 2007

Executive Jump - G Washington - J Adams - T Jefferson - J Madison - J Monroe - J Q Adams - A Jackson -
- M Van Buren - W H Harrison - J Tyler - J Polk - Z Taylor - M Fillmore - F Pierce - J Buchanan - A Lincoln - A Johnson -
- U S Grant - R B Hayes - J Garfield - C Arthur - G Cleveland - B Harrison - G Cleveland - W McKinley - T Roosevelt - W Taft -
- W Wilson - W Harding - C Coolidge - H Hoover - F D Roosevelt - H Truman - D D Eisenhower - J F Kennedy -
- L B Johnson - R Nixon - G Ford - J Carter - R Reagan - G H W Bush - B Clinton - G W Bush - BH Obama

Inauguration Speeches - Party Platforms - The Early Presidents - Distinctions of the Presidencies

Methodology

Year

- Heading for each president has a picture and the Year in bold. [George Washington is the first President under the United States Constitution. - see the first American Presidents]
- Next Term" & "Prior Term" allows jumping between 1st and 2nd terms.

Vice Pres.

- The Vice President is listed with a little information including birth and death.

Vice

- Those V.P.'s that later became President are hyperlinked to their first presidential term.
- Where the VP did not become Pres. and a second term is listed, the last name is linked to the first term where the information resides. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
- Lists when there was no Vice President for that Presidential term.

First Lady

- The First Lady is the woman who served as hostess and performed the social duties for the President.
- Although the First Lady was usually the President's wife, due to illness, death, or disinterest, others may have served.
- Also listed is the wife if not the "First Lady" and the number of children the President had.

Info.

- Political party; when linked is to a link for the Platform of the previous convention.
- State the President is from; linked to a brief history of that state.
- Other points of interest about the President.

Oath

- Information about the swearing in of the President when there was not an Inauguration.

Inaug. Addr.

- May contain some information about the inauguration.
- Includes a quote from the inauguration speech where the President prays or gives thanks for America's Blessings to the God Almighty.

Quotes

- Quotes from the President. The listing does not necessarily reflect the presidential term the quote was stated, only that it was said.

Birth Death

- The president's birth date and place.
- The president's date of death and sometimes the place or other specifics.

Birth
Death

- The president's birth date and place. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
- "Death" is in bold when the death ended the president's service.

Index

Link/s

- Link or links to sites with more information.
- "Index" links back up to the quick jump index of Presidents.

Year

Act

- Acts of Congress concerning the presidency.
- Next Act takes you to the next listed Congressional Act concerning the presidency.

TimeLine of the American Presidency
(c) Copyright 2005-06-07 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Organized by date of office or the Act of Congress.

1787

Act

The office of President and Vice President were created at the constitutional convention in 1787.
- Next Act

1788

Act

The United States Constitution is ratified which as well as civil rights, defines the three branches of government establishing the American Presidency.
- Next Act

1788

Act

The U. S. Constitution, Article II, Section 1, Clause 6, states the Vice President replaces the President upon a vacancy and gives Congress the power to determine further succession.
- Next Act

1789

George Washington becomes the first President of the United States of America. He was elected by a unanimous vote of presidential electors of the new government.
- Next Term.

Vice

John Adams was Vice President to George Washington for both terms.

First Lady

Martha (Dandridge Custis) Washington was Washington's wife and the first "first lady". They had 2 children.

Info.

Washington was from the State of Virginia.
As no parties existed in the beginning George Washington would eventually become a member of the Federalist Party.
George Washington received a unanimous popular vote. The only president with that distinction. That followed with his receiving a unanimous electoral vote as well.
Washington establishes the cabinet and the two-year term.

Inaug. Addr.

George Washington is inaugurated on April 30th, 1789, at Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, as the first president of the United States. Washington adds to the oath "So help me, God." That phrase has become an unofficial part of the oath having been added by every President to date.
President Washington begins his Inaugural Address to both Houses of Congress with, "It would be peculiarly improper to omit, in this first official act, my fervent supplications to that Almighty Being who rules over the universe, who presides in the councils of nations and whose providential aids can supply every human defect, that His benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the people of the United States a Government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes; and may enable every instrument employed in its administration to execute with success, the functions allotted to his charge."

Quote

"To be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace." - President George Washington, January 8, 1790.
"As the sword was the last resort for the preservation of our liberties, so it ought to be the first to be laid aside when those liberties are firmly established." - President George Washington.
"Government is not reason; it is not eloquence; it is force! Like fire, it is a dangerous servant and a fearful master." - President George Washington.

1792

Act

Congress enacts a law that places the president pro tempore and the Speaker in the line of succession for the presidency.
- Next Act

1793

President George Washington begins his second term as president serving until 1797.
- Prior Term

Vice

Info.

President Washington, in 1794, ordered 15,000 troops to Pennsylvania to put down the first challenge to federal authority. Negotiations brought about a compromise that averted the need for force.

Oath

Not quite an inaugural address but comments prior to Washington taking the oath of office in Philadelphia, include the following excerpt.
"I am again called upon by the voice of my country to execute the functions of its Chief Magistrate. When the occasion proper for it shall arrive, I shall endeavor to express the high sense I entertain of this distinguished honor, and of the confidence which has been reposed in me by the people of united America." - President George Washington, comment prior to his second oath of office.

Quote

"But if we are to be told by a foreign Power ... what we shall do, and what we shall not do, we have Independence yet to seek, and have contended hitherto for very little." - President George Washington, letter to Alexander Hamilton, May 8, 1796.
"Liberty, when it begins to take root, is a plant of rapid growth." - President George Washington.
"Government is not reason; it is not eloquence; it is force! Like fire, it is a dangerous servant and a fearful master." - President George Washington.

Birth Death

George Washington was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia on February 22, 1732
Washington Died at Mount Vernon, Virginia on December 14, 1799

Index

Link

George Washington - White House History

1797

John Adams is the second President of the United States of America and serves from 1797 to 1801.

Vice

Thomas Jefferson was Vice President to John Adams.

First Lady

Abigail Smith was first lady. They had 5 children.

Info.

President John Adams was a Federalist from the state of Massachusetts. The diplomatic dispute called the "XYZ Affair" nearly led to war with France. The French would harass American ships and attempted to bribe America.

Quote

Before the election and about the Whitehouse he writes to his wife, "I pray Heaven to bestow the best of Blessings on this House and all that shall hereafter inhabit it. May none but honest and wise Men ever rule under this roof." (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Inaug. Addr.

Adams was inaugurated in Philadelphia.
"And may that Being who is supreme over all, the Patron of Order, the Fountain of Justice, and the Protector in all ages of the world of virtuous liberty, continue His blessing upon this nation and its Government and give it all possible success and duration consistent with the ends of His providence." - President John Adams, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"His Example is now complete, and it will teach wisdom and virtue to magistrates, citizens, and men, not only in the present age, but in future generations, as long as our history shall be read." - President John Adams, message to the U.S. Senate, December 19, 1799.
"Children should be educated and instructed in the principles of
freedom." - President John Adams.
"By my physical constitution, I am but an ordinary man. The times alone have destined me to fame - and even these have not been able to give me much." - President John Adams.
John Adams' last words were "Thomas Jefferson still survives." Adams was unaware that Jefferson had passed on earlier that same Independence Day, July 4th, 1826.

Birth Death

John Adams was born October 30 1735 in Braintree, Norfolk, Massachusetts.
He died on July 4, 1826 in Braintree, Norfolk, Massachusetts.

Index

Link

John Adams - White House History

1801

Thomas Jefferson the 3rd President of the U.S. and serves from 1801 to 1809.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Vice President to Thomas Jefferson was Aaron Burr.
Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel on July 11, 1804.
In 1807 Burr was tried for treason and acquitted.
Aaron Burr was born in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey on February 6, 1756.
He died, after several strokes, at a Hotel in Port Richmond, Staten Island, Richmond County, New York on September 14, 1836.

First Lady

Info.

Jefferson was a Democrat-Republican from Virginia. He was the first president elected by the House of Representatives. Jefferson commissioned the Lewis and Clark expedition.

Inaug. Addr.

Jefferson is the first president inaugurated in Washington, D.C
"And may that Infinite Power which rules the destinies of the universe lead our councils to what is best, and give them a favorable issue for your peace and prosperity." - Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"That government is best which governs the least, because its people discipline themselves." - President Thomas Jefferson. .c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
"Newspapers… serve as chimnies to carry off noxious vapors and smoke." - President Thomas Jefferson, letter to Thaddeus Kosciusko, April 2, 1802.
"One man with courage makes a majority." - President Thomas Jefferson.
"The opinion which gives to the judges the right to decide what laws are constitutional and what not, not only for themselves, in their, own sphere of action, but for the Legislature and Executive also in their spheres, would make the Judiciary a despotic branch." President Thomas Jefferson, letter to Abigail Adams, September 11, 1804.

1804

Act

The 12th Amendment was ratified separating the vote in the Electoral College for president from the vote for vice president. The change makes it less likely that the President and Vice President would be of differing parties.
- Next Act

1805

President Thomas Jefferson is re-elected.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Jefferson's second Vice President was George Clinton.
George Clinton was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress.
Clinton was born in Little Britain, Orange County, New York on July 26, 1739.
V.P. Clinton died in office under James Madison on April 20, 1812 in Washington, D.C

Info.

Tripoli, having declared war with the U.S. in 1801, was defeated in 1805.
Jefferson's image is on the nickel from 1938 and the 2 dollar bill from the 1860's.
He has been called, "Apostle of Liberty", "Sage of Monticello", "Friend of the People", and "Father of the University of Virginia"

Inaug. Addr.

"I shall need, too, the favor of that Being in whose hands we are, who led our forefathers, as Israel of old, from their native land, and planted them in a country flowing with all the necessaries and comforts of life; who has covered our infancy with his providence, and our riper years with his wisdom and power; and to whose goodness I ask you to join with me in supplications, that he will so enlighten the minds of your servants, guide their councils, and prosper their measures, that whatsoever they do, shall result in your good, and shall secure to you the peace, friendship, and approbation of all nations." - President Thomas Jefferson, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I suppose, indeed, that in public life, a man whose political principles have any decided character and who has energy enough to give them effect must always expect to encounter political hostility from those of adverse principles." - President Thomas Jefferson, letter to Richard M. Johnson, March 10, 1808.
"The true key for the construction of everything doubtful in a law is the intention of the law-makers. This is most safely gathered from the words, but may be sought also in extraneous circumstances provided they do not contradict the express words of the law." President Thomas Jefferson, letter to Albert Gallatin, May 20, 1808.
"The price of freedom is eternal vigilance." - President Thomas Jefferson.
"The same prudence which in private life would forbid our paying our own money for unexplained projects, forbids it in the dispensation of the public moneys." - President Thomas Jefferson, letter to Shelton Gilliam, June 19, 1808. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Birth Death

Thomas Jefferson was born April 13, 1743 in Albermarle County, Virginia.
Jefferson died near Charlottesville, Albemarle County, Virginia on July 4, 1826.
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both, died on Independence Day.

Index

Link

Thomas Jefferson - White House Historypyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

1809

James Madison becomes the 4th President in 1809, serving until 1817.
- Next Term

Vice

George Clinton was Madison's first Vice President but first served under President Jackson.
Vice President Clinton having died in office on April 20, 1812, leaves the President Pro Tempore, William H. Crawford, of the Senate as next in line to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Dolly Madison (Dolley Payne Todd) They had no children.

Info.

Madison was a Democratic-Republican from Virginia.
The war of 1812 was declared against Great Britain.

Inaug. Addr.

"In these my confidence will under every difficulty be best placed, next to that which we have all been encouraged to feel in the guardianship and guidance of that Almighty Being whose power regulates the destiny of nations, whose blessings have been so conspicuously dispensed to this rising Republic, and to whom we are bound to address our devout gratitude for the past, as well as our fervent supplications and best hopes for the future." - President James Madison, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"The problem to be solved is, not what form of government is perfect, but which of the forms is least imperfect." - President James Madison.
"A popular Government without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a prologue to a farce or a tragedy; or, perhaps both." - President James Madison.

1813

President James Madison begins second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Madison's second Vice President was Elbridge Gerry.
The word "gerrymander" was coined to describe the oddly shaped district his party created in 1811.
Gerry signed the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation.
He was born in Marblehead, Essex County, Massachusetts on July 17, 1744.
He died in office on November 23, 1814 in Washington, D.C
The President Pro Tempore of the Senate, John Gaillard, was next in line to succeed to the presidency.

Info.

The War of 1812 ended in 1814 marking the end of economic dependence on Great Britain.
Both of Madison's Vice Presidents died in office.

Inaug. Addr.

"... I should be compelled to shrink if I had less reliance on the support of an enlightened and generous people, and felt less deeply a conviction that the war with a powerful nation, which forms so prominent a feature in our situation, is stamped with that justice which invites the smiles of Heaven on the means of conducting it to a successful termination" - President James Madison, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"It is a principle incorporated into the settled policy of America, that as peace is better than war, war is better than tribute." - President James Madison, letter to the Dey of Algiers, August, 1816.
"The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted." - President James Madison.
"I believe there are more instances of the abridgement of the freedom of the people by gradual and silent encroachments of those in power than by violent and sudden usurpations." - President James Madison.

Birth Death

James Madison was born March 16, 1751 in Port Conway, King George County, Virginia.
Madison died on June 28, 1836 in Montpelier, Orange County, Virginia.

Index

Link

James Madison - White House History

1817

James Monroe becomes the 5th President of the United States in 1817 serving through 1825.
- Next Term.

Vice Pres.

Daniel D. Tompkins was Vice President for both terms.
He was a delegate to the New York state constitutional convention, U.S. Representative, and Governor of New York.
Daniel Tompkins was born in Scarsdale, Westchester County, New York on June 21, 1774.
Died on Staten Island, Richmond County, New York on June 11, 1825.

First Lady

Elizabeth (Kortright) Monroe was his wife and they had 3 children.

Info.

Monroe was a Democratic-Republican from Virginia.
He delivers the Monroe Doctrine address to Congress where he warns of against other powers intervening in the Western Hemisphere.

Inaug. Addr.

"Relying on the aid to be derived from the other departments of the Government, I enter on the trust to which I have been called by the suffrages of my fellow-citizens with my fervent prayers to the Almighty that He will be graciously pleased to continue to us that protection which He has already so conspicuously displayed in our favor." - President James Monroe, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"The earth was given to mankind to support the greatest number of which it is capable, and no tribe or people have a right to withhold from the wants of others more than is necessary for their own support and comfort." - President James Monroe.
"National honor is a national property of the highest value." - President James Monroe.

1821

President James Monroe begins a second term as President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice

Daniel D. Tompkins was Vice President for both terms.

Info.

In the 1820 electoral college Monroe received all but one vote.
Monroe develops the policy that America will stand against further colonization of the American Continents by Europe and Russia. 30 years later this policy became known as the Monroe Doctrine.

Inaug. Addr.

"With full confidence in the continuance of that candor and generous indulgence from my fellow-citizens at large which I have heretofore experienced, and with a firm reliance on the protection of Almighty God, I shall forthwith commence the duties of the high trust to which you have called me." - President James Monroe, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"A little flattery will support a man through great fatigue." - President James Monroe.
"The American continents . . . are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers." - President James Monroe, the Monroe Doctrine.

Birth Death

James Monroe was born April 28th, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia.
Monroe died of tuberculosis on Independence Day, July 4, 1831 in New York City.

Index

Link

1825

John Quincy Adams is inaugurated in 1825 becoming the 6th American President and serves until 1829.

Vice Pres.

John Caldwell Calhoun was Vice President.
His picture appeared on Confederate $1000 notes in 1861 and $100 notes in 1862.
Calhoun was born near Mt. Carmel, McCormick County, South Carolina on March 18, 1782.
He died in office as U.S. Senator from South Carolina on March 31, 1850 in Washington, D.C

First Lady

Louis Catherine (Johnson) Adams was First Lady and they had 4 children.

Info.

Adams was a Democratic-Republican from Massachusetts.
He is the first President whose father (John Adams) also had served as President. The only other was G. W. Bush.
Adams imposed a high tariff on imports in 1828. It was called the Tariff of Abominations.
John Quincy Adams was the first president to have written a collection of poetry.

Inaug. Addr.

"In compliance with an usage coeval with the existence of our Federal Constitution, and sanctioned by the example of my predecessors in the career upon which I am about to enter, I appear, my fellow-citizens, in your presence and in that of Heaven to bind myself by the solemnities of religious obligation to the faithful performance of the duties allotted to me in the station to which I have been called." - President John Quincy Adams, first Inaugural Address.

Quote

"America, with the same voice which spoke herself into existence as a nation, proclaimed to mankind the inextinguishable rights of human nature, and the only lawful foundations of government." - President John Quincy Adams.
"This hand, to tyrants ever sworn the foe, For Freedom only deals the deadly blow; Then sheathes in calm repose the vengeful blade, For gentle peace in Freedom's hallowed shade." - President John Quincy Adams.
"May our country be always successful, but whether successful or otherwise, always right." - President John Quincy Adams.

Birth Death

John Quincy Adams was born on July 11, 1767 in Braintree (Quincy), Massachusetts.
Adams, two days after collapsing of a stroke on the floor of the U.S. House, died on February 23, 1848.

Index

Link

John Quincy Adams - White House History

1829

The 7th President of the U. S. is Andrew Jackson, who serves from 1829 to 1837.
- Next Term

Vice

John C. Calhoun was Jackson's first Vice President.
Calhoun was the first Vice President to resign from office; 1832. He resigned to fill a Senate vacancy.

First Lady

Donelson Emily, Jackson's wife's niece, serves as "First Lady". His wife was Rachel (Donelson) Jackson and they had one child.

Info.

Jackson was a Democrat from Tennessee.
Jackson survives the first assassination attempt on an American President.
He was the first presidential candidate nominated by a political party.

Inaug. Addr.

"The same diffidence induces me to hope for instruction and aid from the coordinate branches of the Government, and for the indulgence and support of my fellow-citizens generally. And a firm reliance on the goodness of that Power whose providence mercifully protected our national infancy, and has since upheld our liberties in various vicissitudes, encourages me to offer up my ardent supplications that He will continue to make our beloved country the object of His divine care and gracious benediction." - President Andrew Jackson, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I know what I am fit for. I can command a body of men in a rough way; but I am not fit to be President." - President Andrew Jackson.
"You know, I never despair. I have confidence in the virtue and good sense of the people. God is just, and while we act faithfully to the Constitution, he will smile and prosper our exertions." - President Andrew Jackson.
"Our Federal Union: it must be preserved." - President Andrew Jackson, toast given at the Jefferson Birthday Celebration in 1830.

1833

President Andrew Jackson begins his second term.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Martin Van Buren is Jackson's second Vice President.

First Lady

Emily Donelson, Jackson's wife's niece, serving as "First Lady" dies in 1936. The wife of his adopted nephew, Sarah Jackson then acts as "First Lady." His wife was Rachel (Donelson) Jackson and they had one child.

Info.

He was the first president to ride a railroad train and the first born in a log Cabin.
Jackson became known for assembling a diverse and strong cabinet.
Jackson was shot at with two guns by Richard Lawrence on January 30, 1835. Both guns misfired.

Inaug. Addr.

"Finally, it is my most fervent prayer to that Almighty Being before whom I now stand, and who has kept us in His hands from the infancy of our Republic to the present day, that He will so overrule all my intentions and actions and inspire the hearts of my fellow-citizens that we may be preserved from dangers of all kinds and continue forever a united and happy people." - President Andrew Jackson, Second Inaugural Address. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Quotes

"It’s a damn poor mind that can think of only one way to spell a word." - President Andrew Jackson.
"I hope and trust to meet you in Heaven, both white and black—both white and black." - Andrew Jackson, on his death, to the whole of his household, including his slaves.

Birth Death

Andrew Jackson was born in a log cabin on March 15, 1767 in Waxhaw, South Carolina.
Jackson died on June 8, 1845 at the Hermitage near Nashville, Tennessee.

Index

Link

Andrew Jackson - White House History

1837

Martin Van Buren serves from 1837 to 1841 as the 8th President of the United States.

Vice Pres.

Richard M. Johnson was Vice President.
He was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Kentucky.
Johnson was born in Jefferson County, Kentucky on October 17, 1780.
He died on November 19, 1850 and is interred in Frankfort, Kentucky.

First Lady

Van Buren's daughter-in-law, Angelica Singleton Van Buren, serves as First Lady. His wife was Hannah (Hoes) Van Buren and they had 4 children.

Info.

Martin Van Buren was a democrat from New York.
Van Buren was the first president to be born a U. S. citizen.
Until George H. W. Bush, Van Buren was the last president elected who served as Vice President under the previous president.
President Van Buren opposed the statehood of Texas because of the fuel it would add to the Slavery debate.

Inaug. Addr.

"Beyond that I only look to the gracious protection of the Divine Being whose strengthening support I humbly solicit, and whom I fervently pray to look down upon us all. May it be among the dispensations of His providence to bless our beloved country with honors and with length of days. May her ways be ways of pleasantness and all her paths be peace!" - Martin Van Buren, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"There is a power of public opinion in this country. .which will not tolerate an incompetent or unworthy man to hold in his weak or wicked hands the lives and fortunes of his fellow-citizens." - President Martin Van Buren.
"The atonement of Jesus Christ is the only remedy and rest for my soul." - President Martin Van Buren, during his final illness in 1892.

Birth Death

Martin Van Buren was born on December 5, 1782 in Columbia, New York.
Van Buren died after an asthma attack on July 24, 1862 in Kinderhook, New York.

Index

Link

Martin Van Buren - White House History

1841

William Henry Harrison is the 9th President of the United States of America for 31 days in 1841.

Vice

First Lady

Jane Irwin Harrison, President Harrison's daughter-in-law served as First Lady. His wife was Anna Tuthill (Symmes) Harrison. They had 10 children.

Info.

Harrison was a Whig from Indiana.
William Henry Harrison is the first presidential candidate to have a campaign slogan, "Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too."
Harrison let Daniel Webster edit his Inaugural Address.
He was the first President to die in office.
Harrison is the grandfather of the 23rd President, Benjamin Harrison.

Inaug. Addr.

"... I too well understand the dangerous temptations to which I shall be exposed from the magnitude of the power which it has been the pleasure of the people to commit to my hands not to place my chief confidence upon the aid of that Almighty Power which has hitherto protected me and enabled me to bring to favorable issues other important but still greatly inferior trusts heretofore confided to me by my country." - President William Henry Harrison, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"But I contend that the strongest of all governments is that which is most free." - President William Henry Harrison
"The prudent capitalist will never adventure his capital . . . if there exists a state of uncertainty as to whether the Government will repeal tomorrow what it has enacted today." - President William Henry Harrison
"I wish you to understand the true principles of the government. I wish them carried out. I ask nothing more." - President William Henry Harrison, last known words spoken on his deathbed.

Birth Death

William Henry Harrison was born on February 9, 1773 at Berkley in Charles City County, Virginia.
Harrison served as the 9th U.S. President for 31 days before he died of pneumonia on April 4, 1841. He was the first President to die in office.

Index

Link

William Henry Harrison - White House History

1841

Act

The U.S. Constitution did not make clear whether, upon the President's death the Vice President became "acting" or "permanent" President. Vice President John Tyler asserted the "permanent" position and takes the Presidential oath of office establishing the precedent.
- Next Act

1841

John Tyler becomes the 10th President of the United States upon the death of President Harrison, serving from 1841 until 1845.

Vice

Tyler had no Vice President. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate, William R. King was next in line to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Priscilla Cooper Tyler, the president's daughter-in-law, serves as First Lady. Tyler's first wife was Letitia Christian who died during Tyler's term. Tyler's second wife was Julia Gardiner. John Tyler had 15 children.

Info.

Tyler was a Whig from Virginia. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
During Tyler's term his wife, Letitia, had died. He again married, to Julia Gardiner, becoming the first president to wed while serving in office.
Being considered a political outlaw he named his home "Sherwood Forest."
Representative John Quincy Adams spearheaded a resolution declaring the President misused the veto power, but the resolution failed.
The "Log-Cabin" bill enabled a settler to claim 160 acres of land before it was offered publicly for sale at $1.25 an acre.

Oath

John Tyler was one of five Presidents that was not inaugurated. The oath of office was given to Tyler, upon President Harrison's death, at the Queen Hotel on April 6 by U.S. Circuit Court Judge William Cranch. John Tyler was the first President to affirm rather than swear.

Quotes

"I can never consent to being dictated to." - President John Tyler.
""Wealth can only be accumulated by the earnings of industry and the savings of frugality." - President John Tyler.
"Popularity, I have always thought, may aptly be compared to a coquette—the more you woo her, the more apt is she to elude your embrace." - President John Tyler.

Birth Death

John Tyler was born March 29, 1790 in Charles City County, Virginia.
Tyler died in office of the Confederate Provisional Congress on January 18, 1862 in Richmond, Virginia.

Index

Link

John Tyler - White House History

1845

James Knox Polk becomes the 11th President of the U. S., serving from 1845 until 1849.

Vice Pres.

George Mifflin Dallas was Polk's Vice President.
Dallas was U.S. Minister to Russia from 1837 to '39 and to Great Britain from 1856 to '61.
Born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pa., July 10, 1792.
Died in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pa., December 31, 1864.

First Lady

Sarah (Childress) Polk was his wife and they had no children.

Info.

Polk was a Democrat from Tennessee. Not expected to win election, he became the first "dark horse" president.
He was called the "Manifest Destiny" president for acquiring the most property for the United States since the Louisiana Purchase.
The 1846 Oregon Treaty fixed the border between the U.S. Northwest and Great Britain granting the land, that is now the states of Oregon and Washington, to the U.S.

Inaug. Addr.

"In assuming responsibilities so vast I fervently invoke the aid of that Almighty Ruler of the Universe in whose hands are the destinies of nations and of men to guard this Heaven-favored land against the mischiefs which without His guidance might arise from an unwise public policy." - James K Polk, Inaugural Address. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Quotes

"With me it is exceptionally true that the Presidency is no bed of roses." - President James K. Polk.
"Public opinion: May it always perform one of its appropriate offices, by teaching the public functionaries of the State and of the Federal Government, that neither shall assume the exercise of powers entrusted by the Constitution to the other." - President James K. Polk.
"I am heartily rejoiced that my term is so near its close. I will soon cease to be a servant and will become a sovereign." - President James K. Polk.

Birth
Death

James K. Polk was born November 2, 1795 near Little Sugar Creek, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.
Polk died of cholera on June 15, 1849 in Nashville, Tennessee.

Index

Link

James K. Polk - White House History

1845

Act

The Tuesday after the first Monday in November, every forth year, was established in 1845 for the appointment of Presidential Electors. That date remained when the system for selecting electors was changed to the citizen vote selecting the electors. America had been an agrarian society. American law makers considered that November was the most convenient month for farmers and rural workers to leave the fields and jobs for a trip to the polls.
- Next Act

1849

Zachary Taylor becomes the 12th President in 1849 and serves until 1850.

Vice

Millard Fillmore was Vice President.

First Lady

Taylor's daughter, Betty Taylor Bliss, acted as First Lady. Taylor's wife was Margaret "Peggy" (Smith) Taylor and they had 6 children.

Info.

Taylor was a Whig from Louisiana.
Taylor was the first President to have never served in an elected position prior to his being elected President.
The 1850 Clayton-Bulwer Treaty between the U.S. and Great Britain stipulated that any canal constructed spanning Central America was to be neutral and neither country could colonize Central America.

Inaug. Addr.

"In conclusion I congratulate you, my fellow-citizens, upon the high state of prosperity to which the goodness of Divine Providence has conducted our common country." - President Zachary Taylor Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"For more than half a century, during which kingdoms and empires have fallen, this Union has stood unshaken. The patriots who formed it have long since descended to the grave; yet still it remains, the proudest monument to their memory. . ." - President Zachary Taylor.
"It would be judicious to act with magnanimity towards a prostrate foe." - President Zachary Taylor.

Birth Death

Zachary Taylor was born November 24, 1784 in Orange County, Virginia.
Taylor became sick after eating cherries and milk at a July 4th celebration at the Washington Monument and dies on July 9, 1850. He was the second President to die in the Whitehouse.

Index

Link

Zachary Taylor - White House History

1850

Millard Fillmore, becomes the 13th U.S. President upon the death of President Zachary Taylor. He serves from 1850 to 1853.

Vice

Millard Fillmore Having become president upon the death of President Taylor did not have a Vice President. President Pro Tempore of the Senate, William R. King was again next inline to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Abigail (Powers) Fillmore and President Fillmore had only 2 children.
The term "First Lady" was first used during the 1850s.

Info.

Fillmore was a Whig from New York. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
He facilitated and signed the Compromise Measure of 1850 that included the Fugitive Slave Act.
Fillmore dispatched Matthew Perry to Japan on a successful mission that opened two Japanese ports for American trade.

Oath

Millard Fillmore is one of five presidents to have not had an inauguration.

Quotes

"It is not strange . . . to mistake change for progress." - President Millard Fillmore.
"An honorable defeat is better than a dishonorable victory." - President Millard Fillmore.
"God knows that I detest slavery, but it is an existing evil, for which we are not responsible, and we must endure it, till we can get rid of it without destroying the last hope of free government in the world." - President Millard Fillmore.
"The man who can look upon a crisis without being willing to offer himself upon the altar of his country is not for public trust." - President Millard Fillmore.

Birth Death

Millard Fillmore was born January 7, 1800 in Cayuga County, New York.
Fillmore died after several strokes on March 8, 1874 in Buffalo, Erie County, New York.

Index

Link

Milliard Fillmore - White House History

1853

Franklin Pierce is the 14th President serving from 1853 to 1857.

Vice Pres.

William Rufus de Vane King was Vice President.
King took the oath of office in Havana, Cuba where he had gone for health reasons.
King was born in Sampson County, North Carolina on April 7, 1786.
He died in office at his plantation near Cahaba, Dallas County, Alabama on April 18, 1853 the following month after taking the oath of office. (Rufus King of Alabama)
With no one filling the position of Vice President the next in line to succeed to the presidency was President Pro Tempore to the Senate David R. Atchison until December 1853 then Lewis Case until December 1854, then Jesse D. Bright until June 1856, then Charles E Stuart in June 1856, again and finally Jesse D. Bright until January 1857
King County in Washington State was named for Vice President William R. King, but was renamed in 2005 to honor Dr. Martin Luther King.

First Lady

Jane Means (Appleton) Pierce and President Pierce had 3 children, all had died before reaching adolescence.

Info.

Pierce was a democrat from New Hampshire.
He was the first president to recite his inaugural address by memory.
He signed the real of the Missouri Compromise, allowing the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether to allow slavery.
The Gadsden Purchase has the U.S. paying 10 million dollars for 45,535 miles of land that comprised today's southernmost Arizona and New Mexico.
Pierce County in Washington State was named for President Pierce to gain favor with the administration concerning the issue of Washington Territory in becoming a state.

Inaug. Addr.

"It will not be sufficient that sectional prejudices find no place in the public deliberations. It will not be sufficient that the rash counsels of human passion are rejected. It must be felt that there is no national security but in the nation's humble, acknowledged dependence upon God and His overruling providence." - President Franklin Pierce, Inaugural Address.

Quote

"The storm of frenzy and faction must inevitably dash itself in vain against the unshaken rock of the Constitution." - President Franklin Pierce.
"The revenue of the country, levied almost insensibly to the taxpayer, goes on from year to year, increasing beyond either the interests or the prospective wants of the Government." - President Franklin Pierce.
"A Republic without parties is a complete anomaly. The history of all popular Governments show how absurd is the idea of their attempting to exist without parties." - President Franklin Pierce.

Birth Death

Franklin Pierce was born November 23, 1804 in Hillsboro, New Hampshire.
Pierce died on October 8, 1869 in Concord, New Hampshire.

Index

Link

Franklin Pierce - White House History

1857

James Buchanan serves from 1857 to 1861 as the 15th President of the United States.

Vice Pres.

John Cabell Breckinridge was Vice President.
After serving he became an Army General then Secretary of War for the Confederacy.
Breckinridge was born near Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky on January 21, 1821.
He died in Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky on May 17, 1875.

First Lady

Info.

Buchanan was a democrat from Pennsylvania.
Buchanan was so pessimistic about the Civil War he believed he would be the last President of the United States.
Seven southern states, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas had declared their independence from the Union during the term of President James Buchanan.

Inaug. Addr.

"In entering upon this great office I must humbly invoke the God of our fathers for wisdom and firmness to execute its high and responsible duties in such a manner as to restore harmony and ancient friendship among the people of the several States and to preserve our free institutions throughout many generations." - President James Buchanan, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"The ballot box is the surest arbiter of disputes among freemen." - President James Buchanan.
"There is nothing stable but Heaven and the Constitution." - President James Buchanan.
"My dear, sir, if you are as happy on entering the White House as I on leaving, you are a very happy man indeed." - President James Buchanan to Abraham Lincoln.

Birth Death

James Buchanan was born in a log cabin on April 23, 1791 in Cove Gap near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania.
Buchanan died on June 1, 1868 near Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

Index

Link

James Buchanan - White House History

1861

Abraham Lincoln begins serving as the 16th President from 1861 until assassinated in 1865.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Lincoln's first Vice President was Hannibal Hamlin.
Hamlin also served as U.S. Rep., U.S. Senator, and Governor of Maine.
Hamlin was born in Paris, Oxford County, Maine on August 27, 1809.
He died in Bangor, Penobscot County, Maine on July 4, 1891.

First Lady

Mary (Todd) Lincoln was Abraham's wife. They had 4 children however only one lived to maturity.

Info.

Lincoln was a Republican from Illinois.
Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican President.
Lincoln had more concern over the preservation of the Union than in ending slavery. [Such go the spoils of war.]
He delivered the Emancipation Proclamation on January 23, 1863 that declared slaves, within the Confederacy, free for ever.
He built the Republican Party into a strong national organization.

Inaug. Addr.

"Intelligence, patriotism, Christianity, and a firm reliance on Him who has never yet forsaken this favored land are still competent to adjust in the best way all our present difficulty." - Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you.... You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it." - President Abraham Lincoln, warning the southern states.
"If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong." - President Abraham Lincoln.
"Do I not destroy my enemies when I make them my friends?" - President Abraham Lincoln.
". . . we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." - President Abraham Lincoln, dedication of the Military cemetery at Gettysburg.

1865

President Abraham Lincoln begins his second term as President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice

Lincoln's second Vice President was Andrew Johnson.

Info.

Lincoln was a Republican from Illinois.
Lincoln was the first President to be assassinated.
Lincoln's son, Robert Todd Lincoln, was within the vicinities of three assassinations, those of Lincoln, Garfield, and McKinley. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Inaug. Addr.

". . . we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." - President Abraham Lincoln, dedication of the Military cemetery at Gettysburg.
"With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations." - President Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but you can't fool all of the people all of the time." - President Abraham Lincoln.

Birth Death

Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Hardin County, Kentucky
President Abraham Lincoln is fatally shot on April 15, 1865 by actor John Wilkes Booth at the Ford Theater in Washington, D.C.

Index

Link

Abraham Lincoln - White House History

1865

The 17th President of the United States is Andrew Johnson who serves from 1865 to 1869. Johnson becomes President upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

Vice

President Andrew Johnson had no Vice President. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency. They were Daniel Clark until Feburary 1865, Lafayette S. Foster until March 1867 then Benjamin Wade for the rest of the term.

First Lady

Martha Johnson Patterson, Andrew Johnson's daughter serves as the Whitehouse Hostess. His wife was Eliza McCardle and they had 5 children.

Info.

Johnson was a democrat from Tennessee.
Johnson is the only President with no official schooling. When he was 17 his wife taught him to read.
Johnson is the first President to be impeached. The impeachment ends in an acquittal.
Johnson's veto of the 1866 Civil Rights Act was overridden by Congress. The first time an important bill was passed over a President's veto.
Alaska was purchased from Russia for 7.2 million dollars.
Johnson was the only president to later become a U. S. Senator.

Oath

President Johnson had taken the oath of office but was one of five presidents to not have had an inauguration.

Quotes

"If the rabble were lopped off at one end and the aristocrat at the other, all would be well with the country." - President Andrew Johnson.
"Honest conviction is my courage; the Constitution is my guide." - President Andrew Johnson.
"The goal to strive for is a poor government but a rich people." - President Andrew Johnson.

Birth Death

Andrew Johnson was born December 29, 1808 in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Johnson died in office as a U.S. Senator at his daughter's home after several strokes on July 31, 1875 in Carter's Station, Tennessee.

Index

Link

Andrew Johnson - White House History

1868

Act

Congress impeaches President Andrew Johnson for removing Secretary of War Edwin Stanton in violation of the Tenure of Office Act, but he is acquitted.
- Next Act

1869

Ulysses Simpson Grant is the 18th President of the United States serving from 1869 until 1877.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Schuyler Colfax was Grant's first Vice President.
Colfax was known as the "Christian Statesman" and the "Smiler."
Colfax was born in New York City, New York on March 23, 1823.
He died in Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minnesota on January 13, 1885.

First Lady

Julia (Dent) Grant was First Lady and they had 4 children.

Info.

Grant was a Republican from Ohio. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
He was known for being honest but surrounded by dishonest characters.
The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870, giving all qualified male citizens the right to vote.

Inaug. Addr.

"... I ask patient forbearance one toward another throughout the land, and a determined effort on the part of every citizen to do his share toward cementing a happy union; and I ask the prayers of the nation to Almighty God in behalf of this consummation." - President Ulysses Simpson Grant, First Inaugural address.

Quotes

"The truth is I am more of a farmer than a soldier. . . .I never went into the army without regret and never retired without pleasure." - Ulysses Simpson Grant.
"The Southern rebellion was largely the outgrowth of the Mexican war. Nations, like individuals, are punished for their transgressions. We got our punishment in the most sanguinary and expensive war of modern times." - President Ulysses S. Grant.

1873

President Ulysses Simpson Grant begins his second term as President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Henry Wilson was Grant's second Vice President.
He has also served as Governor of, and U.S. Senator from, Massachusetts.
Wilson was born in Farmington, Strafford County, New Hampshire on February 16, 1812.
He died in office of a stroke at the U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, D.C on November 22, 1875.
The President Pro Tempore, Thomas W. Ferry, of the Senate was next in line to succeed to the presidency.

Info.

Grant was a Republican from Ohio.
Grant was once fined $20.00 for speeding ... on his horse.
Grant completed his memoirs though he had throat cancer and with the help of Mark Twain they were published.
Although he considered his intentions all noble, upon leaving the White House he apologized for his errors of judgment.

Inaug. Addr.

"Rather do I believe that our Great Maker is preparing the world, in His own good time, to become one nation, speaking one language, and when armies and navies will be no longer required." - President Ulysses Simpson Grant, Second Inaugural address.

Quotes

"I have never advocated war except as a means of peace." - President Ulysses S. Grant.
"My failures have been errors of judgment, not of intent." - President Ulysses S. Grant.

Birth Death

Ulysses S. Grant was born April 27, 1822 in Point Pleasant, Ohio.
Grant wrote his memoirs knowing he had throat cancer. He died July 23, 1885 in Mount McGregor, New York.

Index

Link

Ulysses S. Grant - White House History

1877

Rutherford Birchard Hayes begins his term as the 19th President of the U. S. serving from 1877 to 1881.

Vice Pres.

William Wheeler was Vice President. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
He also served as U.S. Representative from New York from 1861 to '63 and 1869 to '77.
Wheeler was born in Malone, Franklin County, New York on June 30, 1819.
He died in Malone, Franklin County, New York on June 4, 1887.

First Lady

Lucy Ware (Webb) Hayes was First Lady and they had 8 children.

Info.

Hayes is a Republican from Ohio.
Hayes issued an executive order barring federal employees participation in political activities.
Hayes ended reconstruction withdrawing the last remaining troops from the South.

Inaug. Addr.

"Looking for the guidance of that Divine Hand by which the destinies of nations and individuals are shaped, I call upon you, Senators, Representatives, judges, fellow-citizens, here and everywhere, to unite with me in an earnest effort to secure to our country the blessings, ..." - President Rutherford B. Hayes, Inaugural address.

Quotes

"Nothing brings out the lower traits of human nature like office seeking." - President Rutherford B. Hayes.
"He serves his party best who serves the country best." - President Rutherford B. Hayes.
"Fighting battles is like courting girls: those who make the most pretensions and are boldest usually win." - President Rutherford B. Hayes.

Birth Death

Rutherford Hayes was born on October 4, 1822 in Delaware, Ohio.
Suffering a heart attack at the railroad station in Cleveland, the same evening Hayes dies, on January 17, 1893 in Fremont, Ohio.

Index

Link

Rutherford B. Hayes - White House History

1881

James Abram Garfield Serves as the 20th President and is assassinated in 1881.

Vice

Chester A. Arthur was Garfield's Vice President.

First Lady

Lucretia "Crete" (Rudolph) Garfield and President Garfield had 7 children.

Info.

Garfield was a Republican from Ohio.
Garfield is the second President to be assassinated.
Garfield would entertain guests by writing Latin and Greek simultaneously, one with either hand.
Garfield investigated allegations bribery in awarding mail routes. The scandal lead to civil service reform.

Inaug. Addr.

"The Constitution guarantees absolute religious freedom. Congress is prohibited from making any law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof," - President James A. Garfield, Inauguration Speech.

Quotes

"I have had many troubles in my life, but the worst of them never came." - President James A. Garfield.
"We can not overestimate the fervent love of liberty, the intelligent courage, and the sum of common sense with which our fathers made the great experiment of self-government." - President James A. Garfield.
"A brave man is a man who dares to look the Devil in the face and tell him he is a Devil" - President James A. Garfield.

Birth Death

James A. Garfield was born in a log cabin on November 19, 1831, near Orange, Ohio.
Garfield was assassinated. He was shot on July 2 at the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D.C. by a deranged Charles Julius Guiteau. Garfield died on September 19, 1881 in Elberon, New Jersey. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Index

Link

James A. Garfield - White House History

1881

Chester Alan Arthur is elevated to the presidency upon the assassination of President Garfield. He serves from 1881 to 1885 as America's 21st President.

Vice

President Arthur had no Vice President. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency. They were Thomas F. Bayard until October 1881, David Davis until March 1883, then George F. Edmunds for the remainder of the term.

First Lady

Arthur's Sister served as the "First Lady" (White House Hostess) President Arthur and his wife, Ellen "Nell" Lewis (Herndon) Arthur had 2 children. Nell Arthur died prior to Arthur taking office. He had a stained window dedicated to his wife and placed in a church so it would be visible from the White House.

Info.

President Chester A. Arthur was a Republican from New York.
Arthur vetoed a 20 year ban against Chinese immigration, but signed another that was reduced to 10 years.
Arthur diligently placed efforts to reform American restrictive tariffs.
Arthur, known for civil service reform civil service reform enacted examinations for federal jobs, denied jobs to known alcoholics, and attempted to reduce favoritism to family members.

Oath

President Arthur is one of five presidents not to have been inaugurated. He was administered the oath of office at his home in Washington, D.C. the day after the death of President Garfield.

Quotes

"If it were not for the reporters, I would tell you the truth." - President Chester A. Arthur.
"Men may die, but the fabrics of our free institutions remain unshaken." - President Chester A. Arthur.
"I may be President of the United States, but my private life is nobody's damned business." - President Chester A. Arthur.

Birth Death

Chester Arthur was born in Fairfield, Franklin County, Vt., October 5, 1829.
He died of Bright's disease in New York on November 18, 1886.

Index

Link

Chester A. Arthur - White House History

1885

Stephen Grover Cleveland becomes the 22nd president serving from 1885 to1889.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Thomas Hendricks was Cleveland's first Vice President
His picture appeared on the U.S. ten dollar silver certificate in about 1887 to 1914.
Hendricks was born near Zanesville, Muskingum County, Ohio on September 7, 1819.
He died in office in Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana on November 25, 1885.
The President Pro Tempore of the Senate was next in line to succeed to the presidency. They were George F. Edmunds until March 1885, John Sherman until February 1887, Then John J. Ingalls until the end of the term.

First Lady

Cleveland married 21 year old Frances Folsom in 1886 in the only wedding of a President at the White House. They had 5 children. Two of them were born in the Whitehouse during Cleveland's second term.

Info.

Cleveland was a democrat from New York, was supposed to have served in the military but was able to purchase a substitute to serve on his behalf in the Civil War. (
He investigated the holding of western lands held by the railroads forcing the return of 81 million acres.
He was defeated in 1988 in the electoral college having won the popular vote.
Upon leaving the White House Mrs. Cleveland told the staff to take care of the furniture, that they would be back. That was fulfilled in 1893.

Inaug. Addr.

"And let us not trust to human effort alone, but humbly acknowledging the power and goodness of Almighty God, who presides over the destiny of nations, and who has at all times been revealed in our country's history, let us invoke His aid and His blessings upon our labors." - President Grover Cleveland, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I mistake the American people if they favor the odious doctrine that there is no such thing as international morality; that there is one law for a strong nation and another for a weak one." - President Grover Cleveland.
"It is the responsibility of the citizens to support their government. It is not the responsibility of the government to support its citizens." - President Grover Cleveland.

Birth Death

Cleveland was born in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey on March 18, 1837.
He died in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey on June 24, 1908.

Index

Link

Grover Cleveland - White House History

1886

Act

The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 replaced the 1792 succession law and placed members of the cabinet in the line of succession by order in which their agencies were created.
- Next Act

1889

Benjamin Harrison is the 23rd United States President from 1889 to1893.

Vice Pres.

Levi Parsons Morton was Vice President.
He was Governor of New York from 1895 to 1897.
Morton was born in Shoreham, Addison County, Vermont on May 16, 1824.
He died in New York City on May 16, 1920.

First Lady

Caroline Lavinia (Scott) Harrison the First Lady and President Harrison had 3 children.

Info.

Harrison was a Republican from Ohio. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
Harrison received fewer than 100,000 votes less than Cleveland but carried enough states to win in the electoral college.
Six states; North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Washington; entered the union during Harrison's term.
President Harrison signed the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, the first Federal act attempting to regulate trusts.

Inaug. Addr.

"No other people have a government more worthy of their respect and love or a land so magnificent in extent, so pleasant to look upon, and so full of generous suggestion to enterprise and labor. God has placed upon our head a diadem and has laid at our feet power and wealth beyond definition or calculation." - President Benjamin Harrison, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"No other people have a government more worthy of their respect and love or a land so magnificent in extent, so pleasant to look upon, and so full of generous suggestion to enterprise and labor." - President Benjamin Harrison.
"Lincoln had faith in time, and time has justified his faith." - President Benjamin Harrison.
"The disfranchisement of a single legal elector by fraud or intimidation is a crime too grave to be regarded lightly." - President Benjamin Harrison.

Birth Death

Harrison was born in North Bend, Hamilton County, Ohio on August 20, 1833.
He died of pneumonia, in Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana on March 13, 1901.

Index

Link

Benjamin Harrison - White House History

1891

Act

It was decided the President pro tempore of the Senate would serve until a new one was elected.
- Next Act

1893

President Grover Cleveland, again claims the presidency becoming the 24th. President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Adalai Ewing Stevenson was the second Vice President to Grover Cleveland.
He had served as U.S. Representative from Illinois, 13th District from 1875 to '77 and 1879 to '81.
Stevenson was born in Christian County, Kentucky on October 23, 1835.
He died in Chicago, Cook County, Illinois on June 14, 1914.

Info.

Cleveland was a democrat from New York
Cleveland is the only President to have served two non consecutive terms as president.
Cleveland in the face of a depression dealt with the Treasury crises rather than business failures, farm mortgage foreclosures and unemployment.
"If it takes the entire army and navy of the United States to deliver a post card in Chicago,that card will be delivered." - President Cleveland, sending troops to enforce an injunction against railroad strikers.

Inaug. Addr.

"Above all, I know there is a Supreme Being who rules the affairs of men and whose goodness and mercy have always followed the American people, and I know He will not turn from us now if we humbly and reverently seek His powerful aid." - Grover Cleveland, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Federal aid in such cases encourages the expectation of paternal care on the part of the Government and weakens the sturdiness of our national character. . . . " - President Grover Cleveland, vetoing a bill to distribute seed among drought-stricken farmers in Texas.
"A man is known by the company he keeps, and also by the company from which he is kept out." - President Grover Cleveland. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
"Above all, tell the truth." - President Grover Cleveland.

Birth Death

Cleveland was born in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey on March 18, 1837.
He died in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey on June 24, 1908.

Index

Link

Grover Cleveland - White House History

1897

William McKinley, the 25th President serves from 1897 until 1901.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Garret Hobart was Vice President.
He had been a Republican member of the New Jersey state legislature and Senate.
He was born near Long Branch, Monmouth County, New Jersey on June 3, 1844
He died in office in Paterson, Passaic County, New Jersey on November 21, 1899
The Secretary of State was next in line to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Ida (Saxton) McKinley was the First Lady. They had 2 children. Ida suffered from epilepsy and during a seizure the President would place a handkerchief over her face to hide the distortions and when over would continue on as though nothing had happened.

Info.

McKinley was a Republican from Ohio.
McKinley condemned industrial trusts as "dangerous conspiracies against the public good."
McKinley served during the two year Spanish-American War of 1898.
Hawaii was annexed to the U.S. in July of 1898.
The Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico were also annexed to the U.S. under his administration.
McKinley urged Congress to enact the highest tariff in history.

Inaug. Addr.

"Our faith teaches that there is no safer reliance than upon the God of our fathers, who has so singularly favored the American people in every national trial, and who will not forsake us so long as we obey His commandments and walk humbly in His footsteps." - President William McKinley, First Inaugural Address.
McKinley won the election with the largest majority of popular votes over the previous 28 years.

Quotes

"In the time of darkest defeat, victory may be nearest." - President William McKinley.
"Unlike any other nation, here the people rule, and their will is the supreme law. It is sometimes sneeringly said by those who do not like free government, that here we count heads. True, heads are counted, but brains also. . ." - President William McKinley.

1901

President William McKinley begins a second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice

Info.

William McKinley was a Republican from Canton, Ohio.
McKinley when shot by Czolgosz became the the third President to be assassinated.
- See the "Info" from McKinley's first term.

Inaug. Addr.

"These only becloud, they do not help to point the way of safety and honor. 'Hope maketh not ashamed.' The prophets of evil were not the builders of the Republic, nor in its crises since have they saved or served it. The faith of the fathers was a mighty force in its creation, and the faith of their descendants has wrought its progress and furnished its defenders." - President William McKinley, Second Inaugural Address.

Quote

"That's all a man can hope for during his lifetime—to set an example—and when he is dead, to be an inspiration for history." - President William McKinley.

Birth Death

McKinley was born in Niles, Trumbull County, Ohio on January 29, 1843.
President William McKinley is shot twice on September 6, 1901 by a deranged Polish anarchist, Leon Czolgosz, at the Pan American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He dies 8 days later on September 14th in Buffalo. While he lay dying he expressed concern that care be taken when informing his wife.

Index

Links

William McKinley Memorial Library and Museum
William McKinley - White House History

1901

Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt becomes the 26th President upon the death of President McKinley. Retaining the presidency he is elected in 1905 and serves until 1909.
- Next Term

Vice

Roosevelt had no Vice President during his service filling the remaining term of President McKinley. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate, William P. Frye, was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Edith Kermit (Carrow) Rooselvelt the President's second wife was First Lady. President Roosevelt had 6 children.

Info.

Roosevelt was a Republican from New York.
Roosevelt was awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously for his part leading the Rough Riders at the battle of San Juan Hill in Cuba, 1898.
The United States gains the right to build, operate, and police the Panama Canal in 1901.
Roosevelt was the first president awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt were 5th cousins.

Oath

Having been elevated to the presidency upon the death of the President Roosevelt was not inaugurated.

Quotes

"The only man who makes no mistake is the man who does nothing." - President Theodore Roosevelt.
"A man who has never gone to school may steal from a freight car; but if he has a university education, he may steal the whole railroad." - President Theodore Roosevelt.

1901

Act

Resulting from the assassination of President McKinley, by a Polish anarchist, Congress enacts the Anarchist Exclusion Act. The Anarchist Act allows the excluding of immigrants based on their political opinions.
- Next Act

1905

President Theodore Roosevelt retains the Presidency.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Charles Fairbanks was Vice President. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
He served as U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1897 to 1905.
Fairbanks was born in a log cabin near Unionville Center, Union County, Ohio.
He died on June 4, 1918 in Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana on June 4, 1918.

Info.

Roosevelt was a Republican from New York.
In the panic of 1907 when banks and railroads had collapsed, Roosevelt assured U.S. Steel the government would not take antitrust action against acquiring the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company.
A Stuffed bear was given to President Teddy Roosevelt which led to the term, "Teddy Bear."
Enroute to Milwaukee while campaigning in 1912, he was shot in the chest by John F. Schrank, but refusing, was only taken to the hospital after he delivered his hour long speech.

Inaug. Addr.

"My fellow-citizens, no people on earth have more cause to be thankful than ours, and this is said reverently, in no spirit of boastfulness in our own strength, but with gratitude to the Giver of Good who has blessed us with the conditions which have enabled us to achieve so large a measure of well-being and of happiness." - President Theodore Roosevelt, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"To announce that there must be no criticism of the president, or that we are to stand by the president, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public." - President Theodore Roosevelt.
"Speak softly and carry a big stick." - President Theodore Roosevelt.

Birth Death

Roosevelt was born in New York, New York County, New York on October 27, 1858.
He died in Oyster Bay, Nassau County, Long Island, New York on January 6, 1919.

Index

Link

Theodore Roosevelt - White House History

1909

William Howard Taft is the 27th President and serves from 1909 to 1913.

Vice Pres.

James Schoolcraft Sherman was Vice President.
He was a U.S. Rep. and a U.S. Senator from Ohio and served as U. S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Sherman was born in Utica, Oneida County, New York on October 24, 1855.
He died in office on October 30, 1912 in Utica, Oneida County, New York.
The President Pro Tempore of the Senate was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency. There were several turn-over of the position from 1911 to 1913 rotating among Augustus O. Bacon, Charles Curtis, Jacob H. Gallinger, Frank B. Brandegee, and Henry Cabot Lodge.

First Lady

Helen "Nellie" (Herron) Taft was First Lady and they had 3 children.

Info.

William Howard Taft was a Republican from Ohio.
William Taft had the first presidential car.
W. H. Taft throws out the first Major League Baseball season Opening Day pitch on April 14, 1910.
Taft maintained the policy of high tariffs.
Taft was the first President to sit on the Supreme Court after his presidency.

Inaug. Addr.

"... I invoke the considerate sympathy and support of my fellow-citizens and the aid of the Almighty God in the discharge of my responsible duties." - President William Taft, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Next to the right of liberty, the right of property is the most important individual right guaranteed by the Constitution . . ." - President William Taft.
"The intoxication of power rapidly sobers off in the knowledge of its restrictions and under the prompt reminder of an ever-present and not always considerate press, as well as the kindly suggestions that not infrequently come from Congress." - President William Taft.
"Politics, when I am in it, makes me sick." - President William Taft.

Birth Death

Taft was born in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio on September 15, 1857.
He died in Washington, D.C., March 8, 1930.

Index

Link

William Taft - White House History

1913

Thomas Woodrow Wilson serves from 1913 to 1921 as the 28th President of the United States.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Thomas Riley Marshall was Vice President for both of Wilson's terms.
"What this country needs is a good five-cent cigar." - Thomas R. Marshall.
Marshall was born March 14, 1854 in North Manchester, Wabash County, Indiana.
He died on June 2, 1925.

First Lady

Ellen Louise (Axson) Wilson was First Lady. They had 3 children.

Info.

Woodrow Wilson was a democrat from New Jersey.
Wilson was the second president awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
The 17th, 18th, and 19th amendments were established during his administration.

Inaug. Addr.

"The feelings with which we face this new age of right and opportunity sweep across our heartstrings like some air out of God's own presence, where justice and mercy are reconciled and the judge and the brother are one." - President Woodrow Wilson, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"It is not men that interest or disturb me primarily; it is ideas. Ideas live; men die." - President Woodrow Wilson. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
"Some people call me an idealist. Well, that is the way I know am an American. America is the only idealistic nation in the world." - President Woodrow Wilson.

1917

President Woodrow Wilson is re-elected President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice

Thomas Marshall was Vice President for both of Wilson's terms.

Info.

Wilson was a Democrat from New Jersey.
Woodrow Wilson had earned a doctorate, the only president to have done so.
The Federal Reserve and Federal Trade commissions were established.

Inaug. Addr.

"I know now what the task means. I realize to the full the responsibility which it involves. I pray God I may be given the wisdom and the prudence to do my duty in the true spirit of this great people. I am their servant and can succeed only as they sustain and guide me by their confidence and their counsel." - President Woodrow Wilson, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"If you want to make enemies, try to change something." - President Woodrow Wilson.
"We grow great by dreams. All big men are dreamers." - President Woodrow Wilson.

Birth Death

Wilson was born in Staunton, VA. on December 28, 1856.
He died in Washington, D.C. on February 3, 1924.

Index

Link

Woodrow Wilson - White House History

1921

Warren Gamaliel Harding in 1921 is inaugurated as the 29th U.S. President and serves until 1923.

Vice

First Lady

Florence "Fossie" Mabel (Kling) Harding was First Lady. They had only one child.

Info.

Harding was a Republican from Ohio.
President Harding refused to allow America's admittance to the League of Nations.
Harding is the first President to have had his voice broadcast over the radio, 1916.

Inaug. Addr.

"Standing in this presence, mindful of the solemnity of this occasion, feeling the emotions which no one may know until he senses the great weight of responsibility for himself, I must utter my belief in the divine inspiration of the founding fathers. Surely there must have been God's intent in the making of this new-world Republic." - President Warren G. Harding, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Our most dangerous tendency is to expect too much of government, and at the same time do for it too little." - President Warren G. Harding.
"Ambition is a commendable attribute without which no man succeeds. Only inconsiderate ambition imperils." - President Warren G. Harding.
"My God, this is a hell of a job! I have no trouble with my enemies. . .But my damn friends, they're the ones that keep me walking the floor nights." - President Warren G. Harding.

Birth Death

Harding was born in Blooming Grove, Morrow County, Ohio on November 2, 1865.
President Warren G. Harding died in office of a heart attack at the Palace Hotel, San Francisco, California on August 2, 1923.

Index

Link

Waren G. Harding - White House History

1923

John Calvin Coolidge, upon President Harding's death becomes the 30th American President, and serves until 1929.
- Next Term

Vice

Calvin Coolidge had no Vice President during his service of the remainder of Harding's term. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate, Albert B. Cummins, was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency.

First Lady

Grace Anna (Goodhue) Coolidge was First Lady. They had two children.

Info.

Coolidge was a Republican from Massachusetts.
He was one of three mayors to have become President.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was agreed to by 62 countries limiting

Oath

Vice President Coolidge being elevated to the presidency upon the President Harding's death was given the oath of office but was not inaugurated until 1925 having been elected in 1924.

Quotes

"The business of America is business." - President Calvin Coolidge.
"You lose." -- Calvin Coolidge, responding to a woman who claimed that she could make him say more than two words. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

1925

President John Calvin Coolidge retains the presidency.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Charles Gates Dawes was Vice President.
U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain, 1929-31 - He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925.
Dawes was born in Marietta, Washington County, Ohio.
He died in Evanston, Cook County, Illinois on April 23, 1951.

Info.

Coolidge was a Republican from Massachusetts.
He was one of three mayors to have become President.
The first two commercial air routes were approved under the new Commerce Department.

Inaug. Addr.

"America seeks no earthly empire built on blood and force. No ambition, no temptation, lures her to thought of foreign dominions. The legions which she sends forth are armed, not with the sword, but with the cross. The higher state to which she seeks the allegiance of all mankind is not of human, but of divine origin. She cherishes no purpose save to merit the favor of Almighty God." - President Calvin Coolidge, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I have never been hurt by anything I didn't say." - President Calvin Coolidge.
"Character is the only secure foundation of the state." - President Calvin Coolidge.
Coolidge, in retirement, confiding with an old friend, "I feel I no longer fit in with these times."

Birth Death

Coolidge was born on Independence Day, July 4, 1872 in Plymouth, Windsor County, Vermont.
He died of coronary thrombosis in Northampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts on January 5, 1933.

Index

Link

Calvin Coolidge - White House History

1929

Herbert Clark Hoover is the 31st President serving from 1929 until 1933.

Vice Pres.

Charles Curtis was Vice President.
He was 1/8 Osage Indian and was known as "Square Shooter" and "The Whisperer."
Curtis was born in a log cabin on January 25, 1860 at Eugene, Shawnee County, Kansas.
Curtis died of a heart attack on February 8, 1936 in Washington, D.C.

First Lady

Lou (Henry) Hoover was First Lady. They had two children.

Info.

Hoover was a Republican from Ohio.
Hoover refused to take a salary for being president.
He signs the act making the "Star Spangled Banner" our National Anthem.
Hoover in later years became a critic of the "New Deal," warning against tendencies toward "statism" (Socialism).

Inaug. Addr.

"This occasion is not alone the administration of the most sacred oath which can be assumed by an American citizen. It is a dedication and consecration under God to the highest office in service of our people. I assume this trust in the humility of knowledge that only through the guidance of Almighty Providence can I hope to discharge its ever-increasing burdens." - President Herbert C. Hoover, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Peace is not made at the Council table or by treaties, but in the hearts of men." - President Herbert C. Hoover.
"A splendid storehouse of integrity and freedom has been bequeathed to us by our forefathers. In this day of confusion, of peril to liberty, our high duty is to see that this storehouse is not robbed of its contents." - President Herbert C. Hoover.
"True Liberalism is found not in striving to spread bureaucracy but in striving to set bounds to it." - President Herbert C. Hoover.

Birth Death

Hoover was born in West Branch, Cedar County, Iowa on August 10, 1874.
He died of intestinal cancer at the Waldorf Towers Hotel in New York, NY on October 20, 1964.

Index

Links

Herbert Hoover Library and Museum
Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum
Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association
Herbert Hoover - White House History

1933

The 32nd U.S. President is Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who serves from 1933 to 1945.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

John Nance Garner was Roosevelt's Vice President for the first 2 terms.
Known as "Cactus Jack" He served as U.S. Representative from Texas from 1903 to 1933.
Garner was born near Detroit, Red River County, Texas on November 22, 1868.
He died on November 7, 1967 in Uvalde, Uvalde County, Texas.

First Lady

Info.

Roosevelt was a democrat from New York.
Franklin D. Roosevelt and Theodore Roosevelt were 5th cousins.
The Great Depression caused 13 million unemployed and closed nearly every bank. The Nation had achieved some recovery by 1936.
Roosevelt survived an assassination attempt when shot by Guiseppe Zangara, in Miami, Florida on February 15, 1933.

Inaug. Addr.

"In this dedication of a Nation we humbly ask the blessing of God. May He protect each and every one of us. May He guide me in the days to come." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address.

Quote

"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Index

Links

Franklin D. Roosevelt Library and Digital Archives
Franklin D. Roosevelt - White House History

1933

Act

The 20th Amendment was ratified shortening the interval between the election for president and the inauguration. The president is elected on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November of every fourth year.
- Next Act

1937

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt is re-elected to a second term.
- Next Term

Vice

John Nance Garner was Roosevelt's Vice President for the first 2 terms.

Info.

Roosevelt was a democrat from New York.
Loosing the Supreme Court battle to restrict the court which had been invalidating key provisions of the New Deal Measures he facilitated a revolution in constitutional law. The government could then legally regulate the economy.

Inaug. Addr.

"While this duty rests upon me I shall do my utmost to speak their purpose and to do their will, seeking Divine guidance to help us each and every one to give light to them that sit in darkness and to guide our feet into the way of peace." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Second Inaugural Address.

Quote

"The Presidency is not merely an administrative office. That's the least of it. It is more than an engineering job, efficient or inefficient. It is pre-eminently a place of moral leadership." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

1941

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt begins a third term.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Henry Agard Wallace was Roosevelt's second Vice President.
He was U.S. Secretary of Commerce from 1945 until 1946.
Wallace was born near Orient, Adair County, Iowa, October 7, 1888.
He died in Danbury, Fairfield County, Connecticut on November 18, 1965.

Info.

Roosevelt was a democrat from New York.
After the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941, Roosevelt directed the Nation in preparing for war.

Inaug. Addr.

"We do not retreat. We are not content to stand still. As Americans, we go forward, in the service of our country, by the will of God." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Third Inaugural Address.

Quote

"A good leader can't get too far ahead of his followers." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

1945

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt is re-elected to a fourth term, but will die in office.
- Back to 1st. Term

Vice

U.S. Senator Harry S. Truman of Independence, Missouri becomes Vice President.

Info.

Roosevelt was a democrat from New York.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the only President elected to the presidency, four times.

Inaug. Addr.

"The Almighty God has blessed our land in many ways. He has given our people stout hearts and strong arms with which to strike mighty blows for freedom and truth. He has given to our country a faith which has become the hope of all peoples in an anguished world.
So we pray to Him now for the vision to see our way clearly--to see the way that leads to a better life for ourselves and for all our fellow men--to the achievement of His will to peace on earth." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Forth Inaugural Address.

Quote

"Happiness lies in the joy of achievement and the thrill of creative effort." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Birth Death

Franklin D Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park, New York, NY on January 30, 1882.
F. D. Roosevelt died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Warm Springs, Georgia, on April 12, 1945, just two weeks before Germany surrendered ending World War II.

Index

Links

Franklin D. Roosevelt Library and Digital Archives
Franklin D. Roosevelt - White House History

1945

U.S. Vice President Harry S. Truman becomes the 33rd President upon the death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1945.
- Next Term

Vice

Truman had no Vice President for his first term as President. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate was acting Vice President and next in line to succeed to the presidency. They were Kenneth McKellar until January 1947 and then Arthur H. Vandenberg for the remainder of the term.

First Lady

Elizabeth "Bess" Virginia Wallace Truman - They had only one child.

Info.

Truman was a democrat from Missouri. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
Harry S. Truman made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki which helped to end the second world war.
Truman expanded Social Security, and implemented an employment program, a Fair Employment Practices Act and a public housing program.

Oath

Having assumed the presidency upon the death President Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman was given the oath of office but was not inaugurated.

Quotes

Upon winning the election and the host of wartime problems President Harry S. Truman tells reporters, "I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets had fallen on me."
"Within the first few months, I discovered that being a President is like riding a tiger. A man has to keep on riding or be swallowed." - President Harry S. Truman.
"You can not stop the spread of an idea by passing a law against it." - President Harry S. Truman.

1947

Act

Presidential Succession Act of 1947 says should a President die in office the following is the order of succession: Vice President, Speaker of the House, President Pro Tempore of the Senate, Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of Defense, Attorney General, and Secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health, Housing, Transportation, Energy, Education, and Veterans Affairs.
- Next Act

1949

President Harry S. Truman begins his second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Alben William Barkley was Vice President for Truman's second term.
He served as a US Senator from Kentucky from 1927-49 and 1955-56.
Barkley was born in a log cabin near Lowes, Graves County, Kentucky.
Barkley died, in office as a U.S. Senator, of a heart attack, speaking at Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Vir ginia on April 30, 1956.

Info.

Truman was a democrat from Missouri.
Truman negotiated the military alliance of Western Nations establishing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949.

Inaug. Addr.

"Steadfast in our faith in the Almighty, we will advance toward a world where man's freedom is secure.
To that end we will devote our strength, our resources, and our firmness of resolve. With God's help, the future of mankind will be assured in a world of justice, harmony, and peace." - President Harry S. Truman, Inaugural Address.
Truman escapes an assassination attempt unhurt on November 1, 1950, in Washington, D.C. when Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo, both radical Puerto Rican nationals attempt to shoot their way into the Blair House (temporary residence of the President).

Quotes

"We need not fear the expression of ideas—we do need to fear their suppression." - President Harry S. Truman
"A pessimist is one who makes difficulties of his opportunities and an optimist is one who makes opportunities of his difficulties." - President Harry S. Truman

Birth Death

Harry S. Truman was born in Lamar, Barton County, Missouri on May 8, 1884.
Truman died at Research Hospital and Medical Center, Kansas City, Jackson County, Missouri on December 26, 1972.

Index

Links

Harry S. Truman Museum and Library
Harry S. Truman - White House History

1951

Act

The 22nd Amendment was ratified limiting the president to two terms.
- Next Act

1953

Dwight D. Eisenhower is the 34th President serving from 1953 to 1961.
- Next Term

Vice

Richard M. Nixon was Vice President for both of Eisenhower's terms.
Nixon was the first Vice President to have temporarily assumed the office of the presidency, which he did on three occasions.

First Lady

Marie "Mamie" Geneva (Doud) Eisenhower and the president had two children.

Info.

Eisenhower was a Republican from Kansas.
Eisenhower and the leaders of the Britain, France, and Russia met at Geneva in July 1955 to discuss the destructive threat of America and Russia both having the hydrogen bomb.

Inaug. Addr.

"Almighty God, as we stand here at this moment my future associates in the executive branch of government join me in beseeching that Thou will make full and complete our dedication to the service of the people in this throng, and their fellow citizens everywhere." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower, First Inaugural Address. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Quotes

"The United States never lost a soldier or a foot of ground in my administration. We kept the peace. People ask how it happened - by God, it didn't just happen, I'll tell you that." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
"I never saw a pessimistic general win a battle." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
"America is best described by one word, freedom." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

1957

President Dwight D. Eisenhower begins his second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice

Richard M. Nixon was Vice President for both of Eisenhower's terms.

Info.

Eisenhower was a Republican from Kansas.
Eisenhower keeping a middle course continued most of the New and Fair Deal programs, emphasizing a balanced budget.

Inaug. Addr.

"Before all else, we seek, upon our common labor as a nation, the blessings of Almighty God. And the hopes in our hearts fashion the deepest prayers of our whole people." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"There must be no second class citizens in this country," wrote President Eisenhower when ordering troops into Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce the Supreme Court desegregation ruling.
"There is nothing wrong with America that the faith, love of freedom, intelligence and energy of her citizens cannot cure." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Birth Death

Dwight D. Eisenhower was born in Denison, Grayson County, Texas on October 14, 1890.
Eisenhower died after a series of heart attacks at Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington, D.C. on March 28th, 1969.

Links

Dwight D. Eisenhower Library and Museum
Dwight D. Eisenhower - White House History

1961

John Fitzgerald Kennedy serves as the 35th President from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.

Vice

First Lady

Jacqueline L. (Bouvier) Kennedy and the President had 2 children.

Info.

Kennedy was a democrat from Massachusetts.
For his book, "Profiles in Courage," he received the Pulitzer Prize.
In the Cuban Missile "crises" air reconnaissance in 1962 discovered nuclear missiles on Russian installations in Cuba. Kennedy place an embargo against Cuba causing Russia to back down and agreed to remove the missiles.
Kennedy initiated the Peace Corps.
President Kennedy initiated tax cuts that resulted in economic growth that caused increases in tax revenues. That concept, later under President Reagan, became known as "Trickle Down Economics."

Inaug. Addr.

"With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own." - President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." - President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Inaugural Address.
"The American, by nature, is optimistic. He is experimental, an inventor and a builder who builds best when called upon to build greatly." - President John Fitzgerald Kennedy.
"If we cannot end now our differences, at least we can help make the world safe for diversity." - President John Fitzgerald Kennedy.

Birth Death

John Kennedy was born May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Norfolk County, Massachusetts.
John F. Kennedy is assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald, in Dallas Texas on November 22, 1963.

Index

Links

The John F. Kennedy Library and Museum
John F. Kennedy - White House History

1963

Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) becomes the 36th U.S. President upon the death of J.F.K. Johnson serves from 1963 to 1969.
- Next Term

Vice

Johnson had no Vice President for his first term as President. The Speaker of the House, John W. McCormack, became next in line to succeed to the presidency, had the need arose.

First Lady

Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" (Taylor) Johnson is First Lady and they had 2 children.

Info.

Johnson was a democrat from Texas. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
Johnson obtained the Tax cuts that Kennedy had initiated. Those tax cuts resulted in economic growth that caused increases in tax revenues. That concept, later under President Reagan, becomes known as "Trickle Down Economics."

Oath

Having assumed office upon the death of President Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in while aboard Air Force One as it transports President Kennedy's casket to Washington, D.C. on January 20th. He was not inaugurated. Johnson stated, "We can never again stand aside, prideful in isolation. Terrific dangers and troubles that we once called "foreign" now constantly live among us..."

Quotes

"A president's hardest task is not to do what is right, but to know what is right." - President Lyndon Baines Johnson.
"If government is to serve any purpose it is to do for others what they are unable to do for themselves." - democrat, Lyndon Baines Johnson.
"You ain't learnin' nothin' when you're talkin'." - President Lyndon Baines Johnson.

1965

President Lyndon Baines Johnson is elected in 1964, remaining in office.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Hubert Horatio Humphrey is Vice President.
He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980.
Humphrey was born in Wallace, Codington County, South Dakota on May 27, 1911.
He died of cancer at Waverly, Wright County, Minnesota on January 13, 1978.

Info.

Johnson was a democrat from Texas.
Johnson's agenda was called the "Great Society," though war-protests occurred nation-wide.
The Civil Rights Act, the Voting Rights Act and Medicare were signed into law by Johnson.
The Vietnam war escalates under his administration.
In 1968 Johnson had announced and then withdrew his candidacy for re-election to devote his efforts in the quest for peace.

Inaug. Addr.

"Under this covenant of justice, liberty, and union we have become a nation... prosperous, great, and mighty. And we have kept our freedom. But we have no promise from God that our greatness will endure. We have been allowed by Him to seek greatness with the sweat of our hands and the strength of our spirit." - President Lyndon Baines Johnson, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"For this is what America is all about. It is the uncrossed desert and the unclimbed ridge. It is the star that is not reached and the harvest sleeping in the unplowed ground. . ." - President Lyndon Baines Johnson.
President Johnson congratulates the 3 astronauts who had successfully orbited the moon in December, 1968 by saying, "You've taken ... all of us, all over the world, into a new era. . . . "

Birth Death

Lyndon B. Johnson was born on August 27, 1908 near Stonewall in Gillespie County, Texas.
President Lyndon B. Johnson dies at his Texas Ranch on January 22, 1973 of a heart attack.

Index

Links

The Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
Lyndon Baines Johnson - White House History

1967

Act

The 25th Amendment regarding presidential succession, was ratified. It allows for the filling of a Vice Presidential vacancy as well as allow the Vice President an acting roll as President during a presidential disability. "Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress." - the 25^th Amendment, U. S. Constitution.
- Next Act (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

1969

Richard Milhous Nixon is seated as the 37th President of the United States serving from 1969 until he resigns in 1974.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Spiro Theodore Agnew becomes Vice President.
Pleading no contest to tax evasion he becomes the first Vise President to resign from office in 1973.
Agnew was born in Baltimore, Maryland on November 9, 1918.
He died of leukemia at Atlantic General Hospital in Berlin, Maryland on September 17, 1996.

First Lady

Thelma Catherine "Pat" (Ryan) Nixon was first Lady. They had 2 children.

Info.

Nixon was a Republican from California.
In 1972 Nixon visits Beijing and Moscow reducing tension with China and Russia.
The Watergate break-in is revealed and traced back to Nixon's re-election committee. Recording tapes reveal Nixon attempted to derail the investigation.

Inaug. Addr.

"Our destiny offers, not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness-- and, "riders on the earth together," let us go forward, firm in our faith, steadfast in our purpose, cautious of the dangers; but sustained by our confidence in the will of God and the promise of man." - President Richard Milhous Nixon, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Once a man has been in politics, once that's been in his life, he will always return if the people want him." - President Richard Milhous Nixon.
"What kind of nation we will be, what kind of world we will live in, whether we shape the future in the image of our hopes, is ours to determine by our actions and our choices." - President Richard Milhous Nixon.
"A man who has never lost himself in a cause bigger than himself has missed one of life's mountaintop experiences. Only in losing himself does he find himself." - President Richard Milhous Nixon.

1973

Richard M. Nixon is re-elected President of the United States.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

In 1973 Spiro T. Agnew becomes the second Vice President to resign from office but the first in the face of scandal.
President Richard Nixon appoints Gerald R. Ford as the new Vice President after Agnew resigned. The Senate voted 92-3 to confirm Gerald Ford as vice president.

Info.

Nixon was a Republican from California.
President Richard Nixon becomes the first President to resign from office on August 9, 1974.
Nixon is the first President to have visited all 50 states.
Nixon initiates the withdrawal from Vietnam.

Inaug. Addr.

"Let us go forward from here confident in hope, strong in our faith in one another, sustained by our faith in God who created us, and striving always to serve His purpose." - President Richard Milhous Nixon, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I like the job I have, but if I had to live my life over again, I would like to have ended up a sports writer." - President Richard Milhous Nixon.
With impeachment almost certain, President Richard M. Nixon on August 8, 1974 announces he will resign the next day to begin "that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America."
"Always give your best, never get discouraged, never be petty; always remember, others may hate you. Those who hate you don't win unless you hate them. And then you destroy yourself." - President Richard Milhous Nixon.

Birth Death

Richard M. Nixon was born on January 9, 1913 in Yorba Linda, California.
Nixon died of a stroke at New York hospital on April 22, 1994 in New York City.

Index

Links

Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace
Nixon Presidential Materials
Richard M. Nixon - White House History

1974

Act

Congress initiates impeachment proceedings against President Nixon for his part in the Watergate scandal. President Nixon resigns rather than put the country through such turmoil.
- Next Act

1974

Vice Pres.

Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller was appointed and ratified becoming the 41st. Vice President.
He was the Republican Candidate for President in 1964 and 1968.
Nelson A. Rockefeller was born in Bar Harbor, Hancock County, Maine on July 8, 1908.
He died of a massive heart attack, in New York, New York on January 26, 1979.

First Lady

Elizabeth Anne (Bloomer) Ford was First Lady and they had 4 children.

Info

Ford was a Republican from Michigan.
Gerald Ford is the first President to serve without being elected to the presidency or vice presidency.
Ford issued a presidential pardon to Richard Nixon in 1974.
Ford survived two assassination attempts in September 1975. One where Lynette 'Squeaky' Fromme, a Charles Manson follower, at close range pulled the trigger but the gun misfired. the other where the aim of Sara Jane Moore was deflected by a bystander.

Oath

He is one of five presidents not inaugurated.
"I assume the Presidency under extraordinary circumstances.... This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts." - President Gerald R. Ford upon taking the oath of office on August 9, 1974.

Quotes

"Our inflation, our public enemy number one, will, unless whipped, destroy our country, our homes, our liberties, our property and finally our national pride as surely as will any well-armed wartime enemy." - President Gerald R. Ford.
With his goal of reduced taxes and regulatory policies Ford said, "We...declared our independence 200 years ago, and we are not about to lose it now to paper shufflers and computers."
"A government big enough to give you everything you want is a government big enough to take from you everything you have." - President Gerald R. Ford.

Birth Death

Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. was born as Leslie Lynch King, Jr. on July 14, 1913 in Omaha, Nebraska.
Gerald Ford dies on December 26, 2006

Index

Links

Gerald R. Ford Library and Museum
Gerald R. Ford - White House History

1974

Act

The official Vice Presidential residence is designated by Congress as a Washington Mansion previously used by the chief of naval operations.
- Next Act (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

1975

Act

The president's salary had been $186,300, but by act of Congress is supplemented with cost of living adjustments each year.
It is established that Secret Service guard the Vice President and his family.
- Next Act

1977

James Earl (Jimmy) Carter, the 39th President serves from 1977 until 1981.

Vice Pres.

Walter Frederick Mondale was Vice President.
He was the democrat candidate for President in 1984.
Mondale was born in Ceylon, Martin County, Minnesota on January 5, 1928.

First Lady

Eleanor Rosalynn (Smith) Carter was first Lady and they had 4 children.
- (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Info.

Carter was a democrat from Georgia.
He was the first president to lose a re-election since 1932.
His attempts to curb recorded highs of inflation and interest rates caused a short recession.
Carter signed the approval for the Panama Canal Treaties and the Camp David Accord.

Inaug. Addr.

"... I have just taken the oath of office on the Bible my mother gave me a few years ago, opened to a timeless admonition from the ancient prophet Micah:
'He hath showed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God.' (Micah 6: 8)" - President Jimmy Carter, Inaugural Address. He was sworn into office as "Jimmy" Carter.

Quotes

"The best way to enhance freedom in other lands is to demonstrate here that our democratic system is worthy of emulation." - President Jimmy Carter.
"Our American values are not luxuries but necessities—not the salt in our bread, but the bread itself. Our common vision of a free and just society is our greatest source of cohesion at home and strength abroad—greater than the bounty of our material blessings." - President Jimmy Carter.
"We must adjust to changing times and still hold to unchanging principles." - President Jimmy Carter.
"The passage of the civil rights act during the 1960s was the greatest thing to happen to the South in my lifetime. It lifted a burden from the whites as well as the blacks." - President Jimmy Carter.

Birth Death

Jimmy Carter was born as James Earl Carter on October 1, 1924 in Plains, Georgia. He is the first president born in a Hospital.

Index

Links

The Jimmy Carter Library and Museum
Jimmy Carter - White House History

1981

Ronald Reagan becomes the 40th President in 1981 serving until 1989.
- Next Term

Vice

George H. W. Bush served as Reagan's Vice President for both terms.

First Lady

Nancy (Davis) Reagan was First Lady and they had 2 children, however Ronald Reagan had 2 other children from his first marriage to Jane Wyman. One of Reagan's children, Michael Reagan, was adopted. Michael Reagan became a conservative national talk radio host.

Info.

Reagan was a Republican from California. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
Reagan was the oldest man elected President.
He appointed Sandra Day O'Connor as the first woman on the Supreme Court.
Reagan survived an assassination attempt during his third month in office.

Inaug. Addr.

"I am told that tens of thousands of prayer meetings are being held on this day, and for that I am deeply grateful. We are a nation under God, and I believe God intended for us to be free. It would be fitting and good, I think, if on each Inauguration Day in future years it should be declared a day of prayer." - President Ronald Reagan, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"America is too great for small dreams." - President Ronald Reagan.
"What I'd really like to do is go down in history as is the President who made Americans believe in themselves again." - President Ronald Reagan.

1985

President Ronald Reagan begins a second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice

George H. W. Bush served as Reagan's Vice President for both terms.

Info.

Reagan was a Republican from California.
Reagan dedicated the Vietnam Memorial.
The foreign policies of Ronald Reagan led to the tearing down of the Berlin Wall and America's victory of the Cold War.
America's longest term of economic growth occurred during the administration of Ronald Reagan.
Reagan and three others were shot and wounded by John Hinkley, Jr. on March 30, 1981.

Inaug. Addr.

"It is the American sound. It is hopeful, big-hearted, idealistic, daring, decent, and fair. That's our heritage; that is our song. We sing it still. For all our problems, our differences, we are together as of old, as we raise our voices to the God who is the Author of this most tender music. And may He continue to hold us close as we fill the world with our sound--sound in unity, affection, and love--one people under God, dedicated to the dream of freedom that He has placed in the human heart, called upon now to pass that dream on to a waiting and hopeful world." - Ronald Reagan, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"We are a nation that has a government—not the other way around. And that makes us special among the nations of the earth." - President Ronald Reagan.
"Mr. Gorbechev, tear down that wall." - President Ronald Reagan.

Birth Death

Ronald Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in Tampico, Illinois.
Ronald Reagan died from pneumonia and Alzheimer's disease on June 5, 2004 in Bel-Air, California.

Index

Links

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Library
Ronald Reagan - White House History

....

Reagan Presidential Libr. & Museum

More Reagan links

1989

George Herbert Walker Bush, the 41st President of the United States serves from 1989 until 1993.

Vice Pres.

James Danforth (Dan) Quayle was Vice President.
From Indiana he served as U.S. Representative from 1977 to '81 and U.S. Senator from 1981 to '89.
Dan Quayle was born in Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana on February 4, 1947.
- (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

First Lady

Barbara (Pierce) Bush was First Lady and they had 6 children.

Info.

Bush is a Republican from Texas. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
President Bush sent troops into Panama to overthrow General Manuel Noriega and bring him to the U. S. for trial as a drug trafficker.
The Gulf War frees Kuwait pushing Saddam Hussein's million-man army back into Iraq.

Inaug. Addr.

"And so, there is much to do; and tomorrow the work begins. I do not mistrust the future; I do not fear what is ahead. For our problems are large, but our heart is larger. Our challenges are great, but our will is greater. And if our flaws are endless, God's love is truly boundless." - President George H. W. Bush, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I want a kinder, gentler nation." - President George H. W. Bush.
"The United States is the best and fairest and most decent nation on the face of the earth." - President George H. W. Bush.
"If anyone tells you that America's best days are behind her, they're looking the wrong way." - President George H. W. Bush.

Birth Death

George H. W. Bush was born on June 12, 1924 in Milton, Massachusetts.
-

Index

Links

George Bush Presidential Library
George Bush - White House History
George Herbert Walker Bush - Potus
Bush, George Herbert Walker - MSN Encarta

1993

William Jefferson (Bill) Clinton is the 42 President in 1993 serving until 2001.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Albert Arnold (Al) Gore is Vice President for both of Clinton's terms.
He was the democratic candidate in 2000 losing to G. W. Bush in the closest Presidential race in modern history.
Gore was born in Washington, D.C. on March 31, 1948.
-

First Lady

Hillary (Rodham) Clinton was First Lady and they had only 1 child.

Info.

Clinton is a democrat from Arkansas. Clinton is, perhaps, the first "Hippie" president.
Bill Clinton was the second President to be impeached and subsequently acquitted. The impeachment was over his lying in his testimony to Congress.
Clinton had Iraq bombed when Saddam Hussein failed to allow United Nations inspections for evidence of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Inaug. Addr.

"We have heard the trumpets. We have changed the guard. And now, each in our way, and with God's help, we must answer the call." - President William Jefferson Clinton, First Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"I want you to listen to me. I'm going to say this again. I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky. I never told anybody to lie, not a single time-never. These allegations are false. And I need to go back to work for the American people." - President Bill Clinton, lying to the American people.
"It depends on what the meaning of the word 'is' is" - President Bill Clinton putting the spin on earlier "miss-statements."

1996

Act

The Line Item Veto Act of 1996 was enacted by Congress giving the President greater power to reduce pork barrel spending. U.S. District Court Judge Thomas Hogan declared it unconstitutional in 1998.
- Next Act

1997

President Bill Clinton begins a second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Al Gore is Vice President for both of Clinton's terms.

Info.

Clinton is a democrat from Arkansas.
William Jefferson Clinton is impeached in 1998. The impeachment will not conclude with removal from office. President Andrew Johnson was the first to be impeached who also received acquittal.

Inaug. Addr.

"From the height of this place and the summit of this century, let us go forth. May God strengthen our hands for the good work ahead, and always, always bless our America." - President William Jefferson Clinton, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"If you live long enough, you'll make mistakes. But if you learn from them, you'll be a better person. It's how you handle adversity, not how it affects you. The main thing is never quit, never quit, never quit." - President William Jefferson Clinton. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
"If we have no sense of community, the American dream will wither." - President William Jefferson Clinton.
"There is nothing wrong in America that can't be fixed with what is right in America." - President William Jefferson Clinton.

Birth Death

Bill Clinton was born as William Jefferson Blythe IV on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas.
-

Index

Links

Clinton Presidential Library and Museum
Clinton Presidential Materials Project White House Virtual Library
Clinton Foundation
President William J. Clinton -White House History

1998

Act

- U.S. District Court Judge Thomas Hogan ruled the federal law allowing the presidential line-item veto invalid. The case was National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. and later re-affirmed by the U. S. Supreme Court in the case Clinton v. City of New York.
- Next Act

1998

Act

- Congress initiates impeachment proceedings against President Clinton for perjury. He is acquitted in 1999.
- First Act

2001

George Walker Bush begins his first term as the 43rd American President, elected in the closest Presidential race in modern history.
- Next Term

Vice Pres.

Richard Bruce (Dick) Cheney is Vice President for both of G. W. Bush's terms.
He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom on July 3, 1991.
Dick Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska on January 30, 1941.
-

First Lady

Laura (Welch) Bush is First Lady and they have 2 children, twin girls.

Info.

G. W. Bush is a Republican from Texas.
Bush signed into law Tax Relief for tax payers.
Bush with allied consensus sends allied troops into Iraq deposing Saddam Hussein.

Inaug. Addr.

George Walker Bush takes the oath of office 200 years after the first oath by President George Washington, who, and every president since, had added, "So help me, God."
"Our unity, our union, is the serious work of leaders and citizens in every generation; and this is my solemn pledge, "I will work to build a single nation of justice and opportunity." I know this is in our reach because we are guided by a power larger than ourselves who creates us equal in His image and we are confident in principles that unite and lead us onward." - President George Walker Bush, First Inaugural Address. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com

Quotes

"Recognizing and confronting our history is important. Transcending our history is essential. We are not limited by what we have done, or what we have left undone. We are limited only by what we are willing to do." - President George W. Bush
"We will bring the terrorists to justice; or we will bring justice to the terrorists. Either way, justice will be done." - President George W. Bush

2005

President George Walker Bush is re-elected in 2004 to his second term as President.
- Prior Term

Vice Pres.

Richard (Dick) Cheney is again Vice President.

Info.

G. W. Bush is a Republican from Texas. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
George W. Bush wins re-election receiving the greatest number of popular votes of any presidential candidate in U. S. History.
Recognizing the greater success of religious programs Bush signs a law allowing faith based charities to recieve federal money to help those in need.

Inaug. Addr.

"History has an ebb and flow of justice, but history also has a visible direction, set by liberty and the Author of Liberty." - President George W. Bush, Second Inaugural Address.
"May God bless you, and may He watch over the United States of America." - President George W. Bush, Second Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"Taxpayer dollars must be spent wisely, or not at all." - President George W. Bush, State of the Union address, February 2, 2005.
"To make our economy stronger and more competitive, America must reward, not punish, the efforts and dreams of entrepreneurs." - President George W. Bush, State of the Union address, February 2, 2005.
"Because courts must always deliver impartial justice, judges have a duty to faithfully interpret the law, not legislate from the bench." - President George W. Bush, State of the Union address, February 2, 2005.
"The case of Terri Schaivo raises complex issues. Yet in instances like this one, where there are serious questions and substantial doubts, our society, our laws, and our courts should have a presumption in favor of life." - President George W. Bush.

Birth Death

George Walker Bush was born in New Haven County, Connecticut on July 6, 1946.
George W Bush is still alive.

Index

Links

George W. Bush Presidential Library
George W. Bush Presidential Center
White House Biography of George Bush

....

George W. Bush at Harvard - American Thinker
George Walker Bush - MSN Encarta
George Walker Bush - Potus
George Walker Bush - Wiki

2009

President Barack Hussein Obama is elected in 2008 becoming the first Black-American president. Obama is the 44th President of the United States of America.

Vice Pres.

Senator Joseph Biden Becomes Vice President.
Biden had been a Democratic Presidential nominee dropping out after low support in the Iowa caucus.
Joseph Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, on November 20, 1942.

Info.

Barack H. Obama is a Democrat from Illinois. (c) Copyright 2005 Roger W Hancock - PoetPatriot.com
Barack Obama wins election in an unprecedented large turn-out. A large push in the African -American community successfully registered many new voters.
Obama is the first President to have been a member of a Socialist party (New Party in Illinois)
Having said, "Distribution of wealth is good for everybody," Obama pushes for Universal Healthcare financed by the American worker.

Inaug. Addr.

"The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free ..." - President Barack H Obama, Inaugural Address.
"... we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom ..." - President Barack H Obama, Inaugural Address.

Quotes

"The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart -- not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good." - President Barack H Obama, Inaugural Address.
"They tell us that even in the most trying times, amid the most difficult circumstances, there is a generosity, a resilience, a decency, and a determination that perseveres; a willingness to take responsibility for our future and for posterity.." - President Barack H Obama, Address to the Joint Session of Congress, February 24th, 2009.

Birth Death

Barack Obama was reportedly born in Honolulu, Hawaii on August 4, 1961. Place of birth and citizenship is disputed with Obama fighting in court to not release any information that would confirm or deny his citizenship.
Barack Obama is still alive and serving as President of the United States of America.

Index

Links

President Barach Hussein Obama - White House
Executive Orders Issued by President Barack H. Obama
Proclamations Issued by President Barak Hussein Obama
White House Press Briefings
White House News

....

Barrack Hussein Obama - American Thinker
Barrack Hussein Obama - MSN Encarta
Barrack Hussein Obama - Potus

All rights reserved (c) Copyright 2005-2006-2007 Roger W Hancock www.PoetPatriot.com	Index
The Bibliography (Sources)

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Political Firsts		American Wars	The Early Presidents